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MODULE sbcblk
!!======================================================================
!! *** MODULE sbcblk ***
!! Ocean forcing: momentum, heat and freshwater flux formulation
!! Aerodynamic Bulk Formulas
!! SUCCESSOR OF "sbcblk_core"
!!=====================================================================
!! History : 1.0 ! 2004-08 (U. Schweckendiek) Original CORE code
!! 2.0 ! 2005-04 (L. Brodeau, A.M. Treguier) improved CORE bulk and its user interface
!! 3.0 ! 2006-06 (G. Madec) sbc rewritting
!! - ! 2006-12 (L. Brodeau) Original code for turb_core
!! 3.2 ! 2009-04 (B. Lemaire) Introduce iom_put
!! 3.3 ! 2010-10 (S. Masson) add diurnal cycle
!! 3.4 ! 2011-11 (C. Harris) Fill arrays required by CICE
!! 3.7 ! 2014-06 (L. Brodeau) simplification and optimization of CORE bulk
!! 4.0 ! 2016-06 (L. Brodeau) sbcblk_core becomes sbcblk and is not restricted to the CORE algorithm anymore
!! ! ==> based on AeroBulk (https://github.com/brodeau/aerobulk/)
!! 4.0 ! 2016-10 (G. Madec) introduce a sbc_blk_init routine
!! 4.0 ! 2016-10 (M. Vancoppenolle) Introduce conduction flux emulator (M. Vancoppenolle)
!! 4.0 ! 2019-03 (F. Lemarié & G. Samson) add ABL compatibility (ln_abl=TRUE)
!! 4.2 ! 2020-12 (L. Brodeau) Introduction of various air-ice bulk parameterizations + improvements
!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
!! sbc_blk_init : initialisation of the chosen bulk formulation as ocean surface boundary condition
!! sbc_blk : bulk formulation as ocean surface boundary condition
!! blk_oce_1 : computes pieces of momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes over ocean for ABL model (ln_abl=TRUE)
!! blk_oce_2 : finalizes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes computation over ocean after the ABL step (ln_abl=TRUE)
!! sea-ice case only :
!! blk_ice_1 : provide the air-ice stress
!! blk_ice_2 : provide the heat and mass fluxes at air-ice interface
!! blk_ice_qcn : provide ice surface temperature and snow/ice conduction flux (emulating conduction flux)
!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
USE oce ! ocean dynamics and tracers
USE dom_oce ! ocean space and time domain
USE phycst ! physical constants
USE fldread ! read input fields
USE sbc_oce ! Surface boundary condition: ocean fields
USE cyclone ! Cyclone 10m wind form trac of cyclone centres
USE sbcdcy ! surface boundary condition: diurnal cycle
USE sbcwave , ONLY : cdn_wave ! wave module
USE lib_fortran ! to use key_nosignedzero and glob_sum
!
#if defined key_si3
USE sbc_ice ! Surface boundary condition: ice fields #LB? ok to be in 'key_si3' ???
USE ice , ONLY : u_ice, v_ice, jpl, a_i_b, at_i_b, t_su, rn_cnd_s, hfx_err_dif, nn_qtrice
USE icevar ! for CALL ice_var_snwblow
USE sbcblk_algo_ice_an05
USE sbcblk_algo_ice_lu12
USE sbcblk_algo_ice_lg15
#endif
USE sbcblk_algo_ncar ! => turb_ncar : NCAR - (formerly known as CORE, Large & Yeager, 2009)
USE sbcblk_algo_coare3p0 ! => turb_coare3p0 : COAREv3.0 (Fairall et al. 2003)
USE sbcblk_algo_coare3p6 ! => turb_coare3p6 : COAREv3.6 (Fairall et al. 2018 + Edson et al. 2013)
USE sbcblk_algo_ecmwf ! => turb_ecmwf : ECMWF (IFS cycle 45r1)
USE sbcblk_algo_andreas ! => turb_andreas : Andreas et al. 2015
!
USE iom ! I/O manager library
USE in_out_manager ! I/O manager
USE lib_mpp ! distribued memory computing library
USE lbclnk ! ocean lateral boundary conditions (or mpp link)
USE prtctl ! Print control
USE sbc_phy ! Catalog of functions for physical/meteorological parameters in the marine boundary layer
IMPLICIT NONE
PRIVATE
PUBLIC sbc_blk_init ! called in sbcmod
PUBLIC sbc_blk ! called in sbcmod
PUBLIC blk_oce_1 ! called in sbcabl
PUBLIC blk_oce_2 ! called in sbcabl
#if defined key_si3
PUBLIC blk_ice_1 ! routine called in icesbc
PUBLIC blk_ice_2 ! routine called in icesbc
PUBLIC blk_ice_qcn ! routine called in icesbc
#endif
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_wndi = 1 ! index of 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_wndj = 2 ! index of 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_tair = 3 ! index of 10m air temperature (Kelvin)
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_humi = 4 ! index of specific humidity ( % )
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_qsr = 5 ! index of solar heat (W/m2)
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_qlw = 6 ! index of Long wave (W/m2)
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_prec = 7 ! index of total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_snow = 8 ! index of snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_slp = 9 ! index of sea level pressure (Pa)
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_uoatm = 10 ! index of surface current (i-component)
! ! seen by the atmospheric forcing (m/s) at T-point
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_voatm = 11 ! index of surface current (j-component)
! ! seen by the atmospheric forcing (m/s) at T-point
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_cc = 12 ! index of cloud cover (-) range:0-1
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_hpgi = 13 ! index of ABL geostrophic wind or hpg (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jp_hpgj = 14 ! index of ABL geostrophic wind or hpg (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
INTEGER , PUBLIC, PARAMETER :: jpfld = 14 ! maximum number of files to read
! Warning: keep this structure allocatable for Agrif...
TYPE(FLD), PUBLIC, ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! structure of input atmospheric fields (file informations, fields read)
! !!* Namelist namsbc_blk : bulk parameters
LOGICAL :: ln_NCAR ! "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008)
LOGICAL :: ln_COARE_3p0 ! "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003)
LOGICAL :: ln_COARE_3p6 ! "COARE 3.6" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013)
LOGICAL :: ln_ECMWF ! "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 45r1)
LOGICAL :: ln_ANDREAS ! "ANDREAS" algorithm (Andreas et al. 2015)
!
!#LB:
LOGICAL :: ln_Cx_ice_cst ! use constant air-ice bulk transfer coefficients (value given in namelist's rn_Cd_i, rn_Ce_i & rn_Ch_i)
REAL(wp) :: rn_Cd_i, rn_Ce_i, rn_Ch_i ! values for " "
LOGICAL :: ln_Cx_ice_AN05 ! air-ice bulk transfer coefficients based on Andreas et al., 2005
LOGICAL :: ln_Cx_ice_LU12 ! air-ice bulk transfer coefficients based on Lupkes et al., 2012
LOGICAL :: ln_Cx_ice_LG15 ! air-ice bulk transfer coefficients based on Lupkes & Gryanik, 2015
!#LB.
!
LOGICAL :: ln_crt_fbk ! Add surface current feedback to the wind stress computation (Renault et al. 2020)
REAL(wp) :: rn_stau_a ! Alpha and Beta coefficients of Renault et al. 2020, eq. 10: Stau = Alpha * Wnd + Beta
REAL(wp) :: rn_stau_b !
!
REAL(wp) :: rn_pfac ! multiplication factor for precipitation
REAL(wp), PUBLIC :: rn_efac ! multiplication factor for evaporation
REAL(wp) :: rn_zqt ! z(q,t) : height of humidity and temperature measurements
REAL(wp) :: rn_zu ! z(u) : height of wind measurements
!
INTEGER :: nn_iter_algo ! Number of iterations in bulk param. algo ("stable ABL + weak wind" requires more)
REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: theta_zu, q_zu ! air temp. and spec. hum. at wind speed height (L15 bulk scheme)
#if defined key_si3
REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: Cd_ice , Ch_ice , Ce_ice !#LB transfert coefficients over ice
REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: theta_zu_i, q_zu_i !#LB fixme ! air temp. and spec. hum. over ice at wind speed height (L15 bulk scheme)
#endif
LOGICAL :: ln_skin_cs ! use the cool-skin (only available in ECMWF and COARE algorithms) !LB
LOGICAL :: ln_skin_wl ! use the warm-layer parameterization (only available in ECMWF and COARE algorithms) !LB
LOGICAL :: ln_humi_sph ! humidity read in files ("sn_humi") is specific humidity [kg/kg] if .true. !LB
LOGICAL :: ln_humi_dpt ! humidity read in files ("sn_humi") is dew-point temperature [K] if .true. !LB
LOGICAL :: ln_humi_rlh ! humidity read in files ("sn_humi") is relative humidity [%] if .true. !LB
LOGICAL :: ln_tair_pot ! temperature read in files ("sn_tair") is already potential temperature (not absolute)
!
INTEGER :: nhumi ! choice of the bulk algorithm
! ! associated indices:
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_humi_sph = 1
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_humi_dpt = 2
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_humi_rlh = 3
INTEGER :: nblk ! choice of the bulk algorithm
! ! associated indices:
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_NCAR = 1 ! "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_COARE_3p0 = 2 ! "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_COARE_3p6 = 3 ! "COARE 3.6" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_ECMWF = 4 ! "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 45r1)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_ANDREAS = 5 ! "ANDREAS" algorithm (Andreas et al. 2015)
!#LB:
#if defined key_si3
! Same, over sea-ice:
INTEGER :: nblk_ice ! choice of the bulk algorithm
! ! associated indices:
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_ice_cst = 1 ! constant transfer coefficients
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_ice_an05 = 2 ! Andreas et al., 2005
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_ice_lu12 = 3 ! Lupkes el al., 2012
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_ice_lg15 = 4 ! Lupkes & Gryanik, 2015
#endif
!LB.
!! * Substitutions
# include "do_loop_substitute.h90"
!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
!! NEMO/OCE 4.0 , NEMO Consortium (2018)
!! $Id: sbcblk.F90 14718 2021-04-16 09:43:50Z clem $
!! Software governed by the CeCILL license (see ./LICENSE)
!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
CONTAINS
INTEGER FUNCTION sbc_blk_alloc()
!!-------------------------------------------------------------------
!! *** ROUTINE sbc_blk_alloc ***
!!-------------------------------------------------------------------
ALLOCATE( theta_zu(jpi,jpj), q_zu(jpi,jpj), STAT=sbc_blk_alloc )
CALL mpp_sum ( 'sbcblk', sbc_blk_alloc )
IF( sbc_blk_alloc /= 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk_alloc: failed to allocate arrays' )
END FUNCTION sbc_blk_alloc
#if defined key_si3
INTEGER FUNCTION sbc_blk_ice_alloc()
!!-------------------------------------------------------------------
!! *** ROUTINE sbc_blk_ice_alloc ***
!!-------------------------------------------------------------------
ALLOCATE( Cd_ice (jpi,jpj), Ch_ice (jpi,jpj), Ce_ice (jpi,jpj), &
& theta_zu_i(jpi,jpj), q_zu_i(jpi,jpj), STAT=sbc_blk_ice_alloc )
CALL mpp_sum ( 'sbcblk', sbc_blk_ice_alloc )
IF( sbc_blk_ice_alloc /= 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk_ice_alloc: failed to allocate arrays' )
END FUNCTION sbc_blk_ice_alloc
#endif
SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_init
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!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
!! *** ROUTINE sbc_blk_init ***
!!
!! ** Purpose : choose and initialize a bulk formulae formulation
!!
!! ** Method :
!!
!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
INTEGER :: jfpr ! dummy loop indice and argument
INTEGER :: ios, ierror, ioptio ! Local integer
!!
CHARACTER(len=100) :: cn_dir ! Root directory for location of atmospheric forcing files
TYPE(FLD_N), DIMENSION(jpfld) :: slf_i ! array of namelist informations on the fields to read
TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_wndi, sn_wndj , sn_humi, sn_qsr ! informations about the fields to be read
TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_qlw , sn_tair , sn_prec, sn_snow ! " "
TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_slp , sn_uoatm, sn_voatm ! " "
TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_cc, sn_hpgi, sn_hpgj ! " "
INTEGER :: ipka ! number of levels in the atmospheric variable
NAMELIST/namsbc_blk/ ln_NCAR, ln_COARE_3p0, ln_COARE_3p6, ln_ECMWF, ln_ANDREAS, & ! bulk algorithm
& rn_zqt, rn_zu, nn_iter_algo, ln_skin_cs, ln_skin_wl, &
& rn_pfac, rn_efac, &
& ln_crt_fbk, rn_stau_a, rn_stau_b, & ! current feedback
& ln_humi_sph, ln_humi_dpt, ln_humi_rlh, ln_tair_pot, &
& ln_Cx_ice_cst, rn_Cd_i, rn_Ce_i, rn_Ch_i, &
& ln_Cx_ice_AN05, ln_Cx_ice_LU12, ln_Cx_ice_LG15, &
& cn_dir, &
& sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_qsr, sn_qlw , & ! input fields
& sn_tair, sn_humi, sn_prec, sn_snow, sn_slp, &
& sn_uoatm, sn_voatm, sn_cc, sn_hpgi, sn_hpgj
! cool-skin / warm-layer !LB
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
!
! ! allocate sbc_blk_core array
IF( sbc_blk_alloc() /= 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk : unable to allocate standard arrays' )
!
#if defined key_si3
IF( sbc_blk_ice_alloc() /= 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk : unable to allocate standard ice arrays' )
#endif
!
! !** read bulk namelist
READ ( numnam_ref, namsbc_blk, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 901)
901 IF( ios /= 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namsbc_blk in reference namelist' )
!
READ ( numnam_cfg, namsbc_blk, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 902 )
902 IF( ios > 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namsbc_blk in configuration namelist' )
!
IF(lwm) WRITE( numond, namsbc_blk )
!
! !** initialization of the chosen bulk formulae (+ check)
! !* select the bulk chosen in the namelist and check the choice
ioptio = 0
IF( ln_NCAR ) THEN
nblk = np_NCAR ; ioptio = ioptio + 1
ENDIF
IF( ln_COARE_3p0 ) THEN
nblk = np_COARE_3p0 ; ioptio = ioptio + 1
ENDIF
IF( ln_COARE_3p6 ) THEN
nblk = np_COARE_3p6 ; ioptio = ioptio + 1
ENDIF
IF( ln_ECMWF ) THEN
nblk = np_ECMWF ; ioptio = ioptio + 1
ENDIF
IF( ln_ANDREAS ) THEN
nblk = np_ANDREAS ; ioptio = ioptio + 1
ENDIF
IF( ioptio /= 1 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: Choose one and only one bulk algorithm' )
! !** initialization of the cool-skin / warm-layer parametrization
IF( ln_skin_cs .OR. ln_skin_wl ) THEN
!! Some namelist sanity tests:
IF( ln_NCAR ) &
& CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: Cool-skin/warm-layer param. not compatible with NCAR algorithm' )
IF( ln_ANDREAS ) &
& CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: Cool-skin/warm-layer param. not compatible with ANDREAS algorithm' )
IF( nn_fsbc /= 1 ) &
& CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: Please set "nn_fsbc" to 1 when using cool-skin/warm-layer param.')
END IF
IF( ln_skin_wl ) THEN
!! Check if the frequency of downwelling solar flux input makes sense and if ln_dm2dc=T if it is daily!
IF( (sn_qsr%freqh < 0.).OR.(sn_qsr%freqh > 24.) ) &
& CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: Warm-layer param. (ln_skin_wl) not compatible with freq. of solar flux > daily' )
IF( (sn_qsr%freqh == 24.).AND.(.NOT. ln_dm2dc) ) &
& CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: Please set ln_dm2dc=T for warm-layer param. (ln_skin_wl) to work properly' )
END IF
ioptio = 0
IF( ln_humi_sph ) THEN
nhumi = np_humi_sph ; ioptio = ioptio + 1
ENDIF
IF( ln_humi_dpt ) THEN
nhumi = np_humi_dpt ; ioptio = ioptio + 1
ENDIF
IF( ln_humi_rlh ) THEN
nhumi = np_humi_rlh ; ioptio = ioptio + 1
ENDIF
IF( ioptio /= 1 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: Choose one and only one type of air humidity' )
!
IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN !* check: diurnal cycle on Qsr
IF( sn_qsr%freqh /= 24. ) CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: ln_dm2dc=T only with daily short-wave input' )
IF( sn_qsr%ln_tint ) THEN
CALL ctl_warn( 'sbc_blk_init: ln_dm2dc=T daily qsr time interpolation done by sbcdcy module', &
& ' ==> We force time interpolation = .false. for qsr' )
sn_qsr%ln_tint = .false.
ENDIF
ENDIF
#if defined key_si3
ioptio = 0
IF( ln_Cx_ice_cst ) THEN
nblk_ice = np_ice_cst ; ioptio = ioptio + 1
ENDIF
IF( ln_Cx_ice_AN05 ) THEN
nblk_ice = np_ice_an05 ; ioptio = ioptio + 1
ENDIF
IF( ln_Cx_ice_LU12 ) THEN
nblk_ice = np_ice_lu12 ; ioptio = ioptio + 1
ENDIF
IF( ln_Cx_ice_LG15 ) THEN
nblk_ice = np_ice_lg15 ; ioptio = ioptio + 1
ENDIF
IF( ioptio /= 1 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: Choose one and only one ice-atm bulk algorithm' )
#endif
! !* set the bulk structure
! !- store namelist information in an array
!
slf_i(jp_wndi ) = sn_wndi ; slf_i(jp_wndj ) = sn_wndj
slf_i(jp_qsr ) = sn_qsr ; slf_i(jp_qlw ) = sn_qlw
slf_i(jp_tair ) = sn_tair ; slf_i(jp_humi ) = sn_humi
slf_i(jp_prec ) = sn_prec ; slf_i(jp_snow ) = sn_snow
slf_i(jp_slp ) = sn_slp ; slf_i(jp_cc ) = sn_cc
slf_i(jp_uoatm) = sn_uoatm ; slf_i(jp_voatm) = sn_voatm
slf_i(jp_hpgi ) = sn_hpgi ; slf_i(jp_hpgj ) = sn_hpgj
!
IF( .NOT. ln_abl ) THEN ! force to not use jp_hpgi and jp_hpgj, should already be done in namelist_* but we never know...
slf_i(jp_hpgi)%clname = 'NOT USED'
slf_i(jp_hpgj)%clname = 'NOT USED'
ENDIF
!
! !- allocate the bulk structure
ALLOCATE( sf(jpfld), STAT=ierror )
IF( ierror > 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk_init: unable to allocate sf structure' )
!
! !- fill the bulk structure with namelist informations
CALL fld_fill( sf, slf_i, cn_dir, 'sbc_blk_init', 'surface boundary condition -- bulk formulae', 'namsbc_blk' )
sf(jp_wndi )%zsgn = -1._wp ; sf(jp_wndj )%zsgn = -1._wp ! vector field at T point: overwrite default definition of zsgn
sf(jp_uoatm)%zsgn = -1._wp ; sf(jp_voatm)%zsgn = -1._wp ! vector field at T point: overwrite default definition of zsgn
sf(jp_hpgi )%zsgn = -1._wp ; sf(jp_hpgj )%zsgn = -1._wp ! vector field at T point: overwrite default definition of zsgn
!
DO jfpr= 1, jpfld
!
IF( ln_abl .AND. &
& ( jfpr == jp_wndi .OR. jfpr == jp_wndj .OR. jfpr == jp_humi .OR. &
& jfpr == jp_hpgi .OR. jfpr == jp_hpgj .OR. jfpr == jp_tair ) ) THEN
ipka = jpka ! ABL: some fields are 3D input
ELSE
ipka = 1
ENDIF
!
ALLOCATE( sf(jfpr)%fnow(jpi,jpj,ipka) )
!
IF( TRIM(sf(jfpr)%clrootname) == 'NOT USED' ) THEN !-- not used field --! (only now allocated and set to default)
IF( jfpr == jp_slp ) THEN
sf(jfpr)%fnow(:,:,1:ipka) = 101325._wp ! use standard pressure in Pa
ELSEIF( jfpr == jp_prec .OR. jfpr == jp_snow .OR. jfpr == jp_uoatm .OR. jfpr == jp_voatm ) THEN
sf(jfpr)%fnow(:,:,1:ipka) = 0._wp ! no precip or no snow or no surface currents
ELSEIF( jfpr == jp_hpgi .OR. jfpr == jp_hpgj ) THEN
IF( .NOT. ln_abl ) THEN
DEALLOCATE( sf(jfpr)%fnow ) ! deallocate as not used in this case
ELSE
sf(jfpr)%fnow(:,:,1:ipka) = 0._wp
ENDIF
ELSEIF( jfpr == jp_cc ) THEN
sf(jp_cc)%fnow(:,:,1:ipka) = pp_cldf
ELSE
WRITE(ctmp1,*) 'sbc_blk_init: no default value defined for field number', jfpr
CALL ctl_stop( ctmp1 )
ENDIF
ELSE !-- used field --!
IF( sf(jfpr)%ln_tint ) ALLOCATE( sf(jfpr)%fdta(jpi,jpj,ipka,2) ) ! allocate array for temporal interpolation
!
IF( sf(jfpr)%freqh > 0. .AND. MOD( NINT(3600. * sf(jfpr)%freqh), nn_fsbc * NINT(rn_Dt) ) /= 0 ) &
& CALL ctl_warn( 'sbc_blk_init: sbcmod timestep rn_Dt*nn_fsbc is NOT a submultiple of atmospheric forcing frequency.', &
& ' This is not ideal. You should consider changing either rn_Dt or nn_fsbc value...' )
ENDIF
END DO
!
IF( ln_abl ) THEN ! ABL: read 3D fields for wind, temperature, humidity and pressure gradient
rn_zqt = ght_abl(2) ! set the bulk altitude to ABL first level
rn_zu = ght_abl(2)
IF(lwp) WRITE(numout,*)
IF(lwp) WRITE(numout,*) ' ABL formulation: overwrite rn_zqt & rn_zu with ABL first level altitude'
ENDIF
!
!
IF(lwp) THEN !** Control print
!
WRITE(numout,*) !* namelist
WRITE(numout,*) ' Namelist namsbc_blk (other than data information):'
WRITE(numout,*) ' "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008) ln_NCAR = ', ln_NCAR
WRITE(numout,*) ' "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003) ln_COARE_3p0 = ', ln_COARE_3p0
WRITE(numout,*) ' "COARE 3.6" algorithm (Fairall 2018 + Edson al 2013) ln_COARE_3p6 = ', ln_COARE_3p6
WRITE(numout,*) ' "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 45r1) ln_ECMWF = ', ln_ECMWF
WRITE(numout,*) ' "ANDREAS" algorithm (Andreas et al. 2015) ln_ANDREAS = ', ln_ANDREAS
WRITE(numout,*) ' Air temperature and humidity reference height (m) rn_zqt = ', rn_zqt
WRITE(numout,*) ' Wind vector reference height (m) rn_zu = ', rn_zu
WRITE(numout,*) ' factor applied on precipitation (total & snow) rn_pfac = ', rn_pfac
WRITE(numout,*) ' factor applied on evaporation rn_efac = ', rn_efac
WRITE(numout,*) ' (form absolute (=0) to relative winds(=1))'
WRITE(numout,*) ' use surface current feedback on wind stress ln_crt_fbk = ', ln_crt_fbk
IF(ln_crt_fbk) THEN
WRITE(numout,*) ' Renault et al. 2020, eq. 10: Stau = Alpha * Wnd + Beta'
WRITE(numout,*) ' Alpha rn_stau_a = ', rn_stau_a
WRITE(numout,*) ' Beta rn_stau_b = ', rn_stau_b
ENDIF
!
WRITE(numout,*)
SELECT CASE( nblk ) !* Print the choice of bulk algorithm
CASE( np_NCAR ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ==>>> "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008)'
CASE( np_COARE_3p0 ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ==>>> "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003)'
CASE( np_COARE_3p6 ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ==>>> "COARE 3.6" algorithm (Fairall 2018+Edson et al. 2013)'
CASE( np_ECMWF ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ==>>> "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 45r1)'
CASE( np_ANDREAS ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ==>>> "ANDREAS" algorithm (Andreas et al. 2015)'
END SELECT
!
WRITE(numout,*)
WRITE(numout,*) ' use cool-skin parameterization (SSST) ln_skin_cs = ', ln_skin_cs
WRITE(numout,*) ' use warm-layer parameterization (SSST) ln_skin_wl = ', ln_skin_wl
!
WRITE(numout,*)
SELECT CASE( nhumi ) !* Print the choice of air humidity
CASE( np_humi_sph ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ==>>> air humidity is SPECIFIC HUMIDITY [kg/kg]'
CASE( np_humi_dpt ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ==>>> air humidity is DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE [K]'
CASE( np_humi_rlh ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ==>>> air humidity is RELATIVE HUMIDITY [%]'
END SELECT
!
!#LB:
#if defined key_si3
IF( nn_ice > 0 ) THEN
WRITE(numout,*)
WRITE(numout,*) ' use constant ice-atm bulk transfer coeff. ln_Cx_ice_cst = ', ln_Cx_ice_cst
WRITE(numout,*) ' use ice-atm bulk coeff. from Andreas et al., 2005 ln_Cx_ice_AN05 = ', ln_Cx_ice_AN05
WRITE(numout,*) ' use ice-atm bulk coeff. from Lupkes et al., 2012 ln_Cx_ice_LU12 = ', ln_Cx_ice_LU12
WRITE(numout,*) ' use ice-atm bulk coeff. from Lupkes & Gryanik, 2015 ln_Cx_ice_LG15 = ', ln_Cx_ice_LG15
ENDIF
WRITE(numout,*)
SELECT CASE( nblk_ice ) !* Print the choice of bulk algorithm
CASE( np_ice_cst )
WRITE(numout,*) ' ==>>> Constant bulk transfer coefficients over sea-ice:'
WRITE(numout,*) ' => Cd_ice, Ce_ice, Ch_ice =', REAL(rn_Cd_i,4), REAL(rn_Ce_i,4), REAL(rn_Ch_i,4)
IF( (rn_Cd_i<0._wp).OR.(rn_Cd_i>1.E-2_wp).OR.(rn_Ce_i<0._wp).OR.(rn_Ce_i>1.E-2_wp).OR.(rn_Ch_i<0._wp).OR.(rn_Ch_i>1.E-2_wp) ) &
& CALL ctl_stop( 'Be realistic in your pick of Cd_ice, Ce_ice & Ch_ice ! (0 < Cx < 1.E-2)')
CASE( np_ice_an05 ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ==>>> bulk algo over ice: Andreas et al, 2005'
CASE( np_ice_lu12 ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ==>>> bulk algo over ice: Lupkes et al, 2012'
CASE( np_ice_lg15 ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ==>>> bulk algo over ice: Lupkes & Gryanik, 2015'
END SELECT
#endif
!#LB.
!
ENDIF
!
END SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_init
SUBROUTINE sbc_blk( kt )
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
!! *** ROUTINE sbc_blk ***
!!
!! ** Purpose : provide at each time step the surface ocean fluxes
!! (momentum, heat, freshwater and runoff)
!!
!! ** Method :
!! (1) READ each fluxes in NetCDF files:
!! the wind velocity (i-component) at z=rn_zu (m/s) at T-point
!! the wind velocity (j-component) at z=rn_zu (m/s) at T-point
!! the specific humidity at z=rn_zqt (kg/kg)
!! the air temperature at z=rn_zqt (Kelvin)
!! the solar heat (W/m2)
!! the Long wave (W/m2)
!! the total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
!! the snow (solid precipitation) (kg/m2/s)
!! ABL dynamical forcing (i/j-components of either hpg or geostrophic winds)
!! (2) CALL blk_oce_1 and blk_oce_2
!!
!! C A U T I O N : never mask the surface stress fields
!! the stress is assumed to be in the (i,j) mesh referential
!!
!! ** Action : defined at each time-step at the air-sea interface
!! - utau, vtau i- and j-component of the wind stress
!! - taum wind stress module at T-point
!! - wndm wind speed module at T-point over free ocean or leads in presence of sea-ice
!! - qns, qsr non-solar and solar heat fluxes
!! - emp upward mass flux (evapo. - precip.)
!! - sfx salt flux due to freezing/melting (non-zero only if ice is present)
!!
!! ** References : Large & Yeager, 2004 / Large & Yeager, 2008
!! Brodeau et al. Ocean Modelling 2010
!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
INTEGER, INTENT(in) :: kt ! ocean time step
!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zssq, zcd_du, zsen, zlat, zevp
REAL(wp) :: ztst
LOGICAL :: llerr
!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
!
CALL fld_read( kt, nn_fsbc, sf ) ! input fields provided at the current time-step
! Sanity/consistence test on humidity at first time step to detect potential screw-up:
IF( kt == nit000 ) THEN
! mean humidity over ocean on proc
ztst = glob_sum( 'sbcblk', sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1) * e1e2t(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1) ) / glob_sum( 'sbcblk', e1e2t(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1) )
llerr = .FALSE.
SELECT CASE( nhumi )
CASE( np_humi_sph ) ! specific humidity => expect: 0. <= something < 0.065 [kg/kg] (0.061 is saturation at 45degC !!!)
IF( (ztst < 0._wp) .OR. (ztst > 0.065_wp) ) llerr = .TRUE.
CASE( np_humi_dpt ) ! dew-point temperature => expect: 110. <= something < 320. [K]
IF( (ztst < 110._wp) .OR. (ztst > 320._wp) ) llerr = .TRUE.
CASE( np_humi_rlh ) ! relative humidity => expect: 0. <= something < 100. [%]
IF( (ztst < 0._wp) .OR. (ztst > 100._wp) ) llerr = .TRUE.
END SELECT
IF(llerr) THEN
WRITE(ctmp1,'(" Error on mean humidity value: ",f10.5)') ztst
CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', ctmp1, 'Something is wrong with air humidity!!!', &
& ' ==> check the unit in your input files' , &
& ' ==> check consistence of namelist choice: specific? relative? dew-point?', &
& ' ==> ln_humi_sph -> [kg/kg] | ln_humi_rlh -> [%] | ln_humi_dpt -> [K] !!!' )
ENDIF
IF(lwp) THEN
WRITE(numout,*) ''
WRITE(numout,*) ' Global mean humidity at kt = nit000: ', ztst
WRITE(numout,*) ' === Sanity/consistence test on air humidity sucessfuly passed! ==='
WRITE(numout,*) ''
ENDIF
ENDIF !IF( kt == nit000 )
! ! compute the surface ocean fluxes using bulk formulea
IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) THEN
! Specific humidity of air at z=rn_zqt !
SELECT CASE( nhumi )
CASE( np_humi_sph )
q_air_zt(:,:) = sf(jp_humi )%fnow(:,:,1) ! what we read in file is already a spec. humidity!
CASE( np_humi_dpt )
IF((kt==nit000).AND.lwp) WRITE(numout,*) ' *** sbc_blk() => computing q_air out of dew-point and P !'
q_air_zt(:,:) = q_sat( sf(jp_humi )%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_slp )%fnow(:,:,1) )
CASE( np_humi_rlh )
IF((kt==nit000).AND.lwp) WRITE(numout,*) ' *** sbc_blk() => computing q_air out of RH, t_air and slp !' !LBrm
q_air_zt(:,:) = q_air_rh( 0.01_wp*sf(jp_humi )%fnow(:,:,1), &
& sf(jp_tair )%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_slp )%fnow(:,:,1) ) !#LB: 0.01 => RH is % percent in file
END SELECT
! POTENTIAL temperature of air at z=rn_zqt
! based on adiabatic lapse-rate (see Josey, Gulev & Yu, 2013) / doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-391851-2.00005-2
! (most reanalysis products provide absolute temp., not potential temp.)
IF( ln_tair_pot ) THEN
! temperature read into file is already potential temperature, do nothing...
theta_air_zt(:,:) = sf(jp_tair )%fnow(:,:,1)
ELSE
! temperature read into file is ABSOLUTE temperature (that's the case for ECMWF products for example...)
IF((kt==nit000).AND.lwp) WRITE(numout,*) ' *** sbc_blk() => air temperature converted from ABSOLUTE to POTENTIAL!'
theta_air_zt(:,:) = sf(jp_tair )%fnow(:,:,1) + gamma_moist( sf(jp_tair )%fnow(:,:,1), q_air_zt(:,:) ) * rn_zqt
ENDIF
!
CALL blk_oce_1( kt, sf(jp_wndi )%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_wndj )%fnow(:,:,1), & ! <<= in
& theta_air_zt(:,:), q_air_zt(:,:), & ! <<= in
& sf(jp_slp )%fnow(:,:,1), sst_m, ssu_m, ssv_m, & ! <<= in
& sf(jp_uoatm)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_voatm)%fnow(:,:,1), & ! <<= in
& sf(jp_qsr )%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_qlw )%fnow(:,:,1), & ! <<= in (wl/cs)
& tsk_m, zssq, zcd_du, zsen, zlat, zevp ) ! =>> out
CALL blk_oce_2( theta_air_zt(:,:), & ! <<= in
& sf(jp_qlw )%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_prec )%fnow(:,:,1), & ! <<= in
& sf(jp_snow )%fnow(:,:,1), tsk_m, & ! <<= in
& zsen, zlat, zevp ) ! <=> in out
ENDIF
!
#if defined key_cice
IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) THEN
qlw_ice(:,:,1) = sf(jp_qlw )%fnow(:,:,1)
IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN
qsr_ice(:,:,1) = sbc_dcy( sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) )
ELSE
qsr_ice(:,:,1) = sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1)
ENDIF
tatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) !#LB: should it be POTENTIAL temperature instead ????
!tatm_ice(:,:) = theta_air_zt(:,:) !#LB: THIS! ?
qatm_ice(:,:) = q_air_zt(:,:) !#LB:
tprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac
sprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac
wndi_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(:,:,1)
wndj_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(:,:,1)
ENDIF
#endif
!
END SUBROUTINE sbc_blk
SUBROUTINE blk_oce_1( kt, pwndi, pwndj, ptair, pqair, & ! inp
& pslp , pst , pu , pv, & ! inp
& puatm, pvatm, pdqsr , pdqlw , & ! inp
& ptsk , pssq , pcd_du, psen, plat, pevp ) ! out
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
!! *** ROUTINE blk_oce_1 ***
!!
!! ** Purpose : if ln_blk=T, computes surface momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes
!! if ln_abl=T, computes Cd x |U|, Ch x |U|, Ce x |U| for ABL integration
!!
!! ** Method : bulk formulae using atmospheric fields from :
!! if ln_blk=T, atmospheric fields read in sbc_read
!! if ln_abl=T, the ABL model at previous time-step
!!
!! ** Outputs : - pssq : surface humidity used to compute latent heat flux (kg/kg)
!! - pcd_du : Cd x |dU| at T-points (m/s)
!! - psen : sensible heat flux (W/m^2)
!! - plat : latent heat flux (W/m^2)
!! - pevp : evaporation (mm/s) #lolo
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: kt ! time step index
REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pwndi ! atmospheric wind at T-point [m/s]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pwndj ! atmospheric wind at T-point [m/s]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pqair ! specific humidity at T-points [kg/kg]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: ptair ! potential temperature at T-points [Kelvin]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pslp ! sea-level pressure [Pa]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pst ! surface temperature [Celsius]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pu ! surface current at U-point (i-component) [m/s]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pv ! surface current at V-point (j-component) [m/s]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: puatm ! surface current seen by the atm at T-point (i-component) [m/s]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pvatm ! surface current seen by the atm at T-point (j-component) [m/s]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pdqsr ! downwelling solar (shortwave) radiation at surface [W/m^2]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pdqlw ! downwelling longwave radiation at surface [W/m^2]
REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:) :: ptsk ! skin temp. (or SST if CS & WL not used) [Celsius]
REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pssq ! specific humidity at pst [kg/kg]
REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pcd_du
REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:) :: psen
REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:) :: plat
REAL(wp), INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pevp
!
INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
REAL(wp) :: zztmp ! local variable
REAL(wp) :: zstmax, zstau
#if defined key_cyclone
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zwnd_i, zwnd_j ! wind speed components at T-point
#endif
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: ztau_i, ztau_j ! wind stress components at T-point
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zU_zu ! bulk wind speed at height zu [m/s]
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zcd_oce ! momentum transfert coefficient over ocean
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zch_oce ! sensible heat transfert coefficient over ocean
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zce_oce ! latent heat transfert coefficient over ocean
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zztmp1, zztmp2
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
!
! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
! ! Temporary conversion from Celcius to Kelvin (and set minimum value far above 0 K)
ptsk(:,:) = pst(:,:) + rt0 ! by default: skin temperature = "bulk SST" (will remain this way if NCAR algorithm used!)
! --- cloud cover --- !
cloud_fra(:,:) = sf(jp_cc)%fnow(:,:,1)
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! 0 Wind components and module at T-point relative to the moving ocean !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! ... components ( U10m - U_oce ) at T-point (unmasked)
#if defined key_cyclone
zwnd_i(:,:) = 0._wp
zwnd_j(:,:) = 0._wp
CALL wnd_cyc( kt, zwnd_i, zwnd_j ) ! add analytical tropical cyclone (Vincent et al. JGR 2012)
DO_2D( nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls )
zwnd_i(ji,jj) = pwndi(ji,jj) + zwnd_i(ji,jj)
zwnd_j(ji,jj) = pwndj(ji,jj) + zwnd_j(ji,jj)
! ... scalar wind at T-point (not masked)
wndm(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwnd_i(ji,jj) * zwnd_i(ji,jj) + zwnd_j(ji,jj) * zwnd_j(ji,jj) )
END_2D
#else
! ... scalar wind module at T-point (not masked)
DO_2D( nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls )
wndm(ji,jj) = SQRT( pwndi(ji,jj) * pwndi(ji,jj) + pwndj(ji,jj) * pwndj(ji,jj) )
END_2D
#endif
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! I Solar FLUX !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! ocean albedo assumed to be constant + modify now Qsr to include the diurnal cycle ! Short Wave
zztmp = 1. - albo
IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN
qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sbc_dcy( pdqsr(:,:) ) * tmask(:,:,1)
ELSE
qsr(:,:) = zztmp * pdqsr(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1)
ENDIF
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! II Turbulent FLUXES !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! specific humidity at SST
pssq(:,:) = rdct_qsat_salt * q_sat( ptsk(:,:), pslp(:,:) )
IF( ln_skin_cs .OR. ln_skin_wl ) THEN
!! Backup "bulk SST" and associated spec. hum.
zztmp1(:,:) = ptsk(:,:)
zztmp2(:,:) = pssq(:,:)
ENDIF
!! Time to call the user-selected bulk parameterization for
!! == transfer coefficients ==! Cd, Ch, Ce at T-point, and more...
SELECT CASE( nblk )
CASE( np_NCAR )
CALL turb_ncar ( rn_zqt, rn_zu, ptsk, ptair, pssq, pqair, wndm, &
& zcd_oce, zch_oce, zce_oce, theta_zu, q_zu, zU_zu , &
& nb_iter=nn_iter_algo )
!
CASE( np_COARE_3p0 )
CALL turb_coare3p0( kt, rn_zqt, rn_zu, ptsk, ptair, pssq, pqair, wndm, &
& ln_skin_cs, ln_skin_wl, &
& zcd_oce, zch_oce, zce_oce, theta_zu, q_zu, zU_zu, &
& nb_iter=nn_iter_algo, &
& Qsw=qsr(:,:), rad_lw=pdqlw(:,:), slp=pslp(:,:) )
!
CASE( np_COARE_3p6 )
CALL turb_coare3p6( kt, rn_zqt, rn_zu, ptsk, ptair, pssq, pqair, wndm, &
& ln_skin_cs, ln_skin_wl, &
& zcd_oce, zch_oce, zce_oce, theta_zu, q_zu, zU_zu, &
& nb_iter=nn_iter_algo, &
& Qsw=qsr(:,:), rad_lw=pdqlw(:,:), slp=pslp(:,:) )
!
CASE( np_ECMWF )
CALL turb_ecmwf ( kt, rn_zqt, rn_zu, ptsk, ptair, pssq, pqair, wndm, &
& ln_skin_cs, ln_skin_wl, &
& zcd_oce, zch_oce, zce_oce, theta_zu, q_zu, zU_zu, &
& nb_iter=nn_iter_algo, &
& Qsw=qsr(:,:), rad_lw=pdqlw(:,:), slp=pslp(:,:) )
!
CASE( np_ANDREAS )
CALL turb_andreas ( rn_zqt, rn_zu, ptsk, ptair, pssq, pqair, wndm, &
& zcd_oce, zch_oce, zce_oce, theta_zu, q_zu, zU_zu , &
& nb_iter=nn_iter_algo )
!
CASE DEFAULT
CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_oce: non-existing bulk parameterizaton selected' )
!
END SELECT
IF( iom_use('Cd_oce') ) CALL iom_put("Cd_oce", zcd_oce * tmask(:,:,1))
IF( iom_use('Ce_oce') ) CALL iom_put("Ce_oce", zce_oce * tmask(:,:,1))
IF( iom_use('Ch_oce') ) CALL iom_put("Ch_oce", zch_oce * tmask(:,:,1))
!! LB: mainly here for debugging purpose:
IF( iom_use('theta_zt') ) CALL iom_put("theta_zt", (ptair-rt0) * tmask(:,:,1)) ! potential temperature at z=zt
IF( iom_use('q_zt') ) CALL iom_put("q_zt", pqair * tmask(:,:,1)) ! specific humidity "
IF( iom_use('theta_zu') ) CALL iom_put("theta_zu", (theta_zu -rt0) * tmask(:,:,1)) ! potential temperature at z=zu
IF( iom_use('q_zu') ) CALL iom_put("q_zu", q_zu * tmask(:,:,1)) ! specific humidity "
IF( iom_use('ssq') ) CALL iom_put("ssq", pssq * tmask(:,:,1)) ! saturation specific humidity at z=0
IF( iom_use('wspd_blk') ) CALL iom_put("wspd_blk", zU_zu * tmask(:,:,1)) ! bulk wind speed at z=zu
IF( ln_skin_cs .OR. ln_skin_wl ) THEN
!! ptsk and pssq have been updated!!!
!!
!! In the presence of sea-ice we forget about the cool-skin/warm-layer update of ptsk and pssq:
WHERE ( fr_i(:,:) > 0.001_wp )
! sea-ice present, we forget about the update, using what we backed up before call to turb_*()
ptsk(:,:) = zztmp1(:,:)
pssq(:,:) = zztmp2(:,:)
END WHERE
END IF
! Turbulent fluxes over ocean => BULK_FORMULA @ sbc_phy.F90
! -------------------------------------------------------------
IF( ln_abl ) THEN !== ABL formulation ==! multiplication by rho_air and turbulent fluxes computation done in ablstp
DO_2D( nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls )
zztmp = zU_zu(ji,jj)
wndm(ji,jj) = zztmp ! Store zU_zu in wndm to compute ustar2 in ablmod
pcd_du(ji,jj) = zztmp * zcd_oce(ji,jj)
psen(ji,jj) = zztmp * zch_oce(ji,jj)
pevp(ji,jj) = zztmp * zce_oce(ji,jj)
rhoa(ji,jj) = rho_air( ptair(ji,jj), pqair(ji,jj), pslp(ji,jj) )
END_2D
ELSE !== BLK formulation ==! turbulent fluxes computation
CALL BULK_FORMULA( rn_zu, ptsk(:,:), pssq(:,:), theta_zu(:,:), q_zu(:,:), &
& zcd_oce(:,:), zch_oce(:,:), zce_oce(:,:), &
& wndm(:,:), zU_zu(:,:), pslp(:,:), &
& taum(:,:), psen(:,:), plat(:,:), &
& pEvap=pevp(:,:), prhoa=rhoa(:,:), pfact_evap=rn_efac )
psen(:,:) = psen(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1)
plat(:,:) = plat(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1)
taum(:,:) = taum(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1)
pevp(:,:) = pevp(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1)
DO_2D( nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls )
IF( wndm(ji,jj) > 0._wp ) THEN
zztmp = taum(ji,jj) / wndm(ji,jj)
#if defined key_cyclone
ztau_i(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_i(ji,jj)
ztau_j(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_j(ji,jj)
#else
ztau_i(ji,jj) = zztmp * pwndi(ji,jj)
ztau_j(ji,jj) = zztmp * pwndj(ji,jj)
#endif
ELSE
ztau_i(ji,jj) = 0._wp
ztau_j(ji,jj) = 0._wp
ENDIF
END_2D
IF( ln_crt_fbk ) THEN ! aply eq. 10 and 11 of Renault et al. 2020 (doi: 10.1029/2019MS001715)
zstmax = MIN( rn_stau_a * 3._wp + rn_stau_b, 0._wp ) ! set the max value of Stau corresponding to a wind of 3 m/s (<0)
DO_2D( 0, 1, 0, 1 ) ! end at jpj and jpi, as ztau_j(ji,jj+1) ztau_i(ji+1,jj) used in the next loop
zstau = MIN( rn_stau_a * wndm(ji,jj) + rn_stau_b, zstmax ) ! stau (<0) must be smaller than zstmax
ztau_i(ji,jj) = ztau_i(ji,jj) + zstau * ( 0.5_wp * ( pu(ji-1,jj ) + pu(ji,jj) ) - puatm(ji,jj) )
ztau_j(ji,jj) = ztau_j(ji,jj) + zstau * ( 0.5_wp * ( pv(ji ,jj-1) + pv(ji,jj) ) - pvatm(ji,jj) )
taum(ji,jj) = SQRT( ztau_i(ji,jj) * ztau_i(ji,jj) + ztau_j(ji,jj) * ztau_j(ji,jj) )
END_2D
ENDIF
! ... utau, vtau at U- and V_points, resp.
! Note the use of 0.5*(2-umask) in order to unmask the stress along coastlines
! Note that coastal wind stress is not used in the code... so this extra care has no effect
DO_2D( 0, 0, 0, 0 ) ! start loop at 2, in case ln_crt_fbk = T
utau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - umask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( ztau_i(ji,jj) + ztau_i(ji+1,jj ) ) &
& * MAX(tmask(ji,jj,1),tmask(ji+1,jj,1))
vtau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - vmask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( ztau_j(ji,jj) + ztau_j(ji ,jj+1) ) &
& * MAX(tmask(ji,jj,1),tmask(ji,jj+1,1))
END_2D
IF( ln_crt_fbk ) THEN
CALL lbc_lnk( 'sbcblk', utau, 'U', -1._wp, vtau, 'V', -1._wp, taum, 'T', 1._wp )
ELSE
CALL lbc_lnk( 'sbcblk', utau, 'U', -1._wp, vtau, 'V', -1._wp )
ENDIF
! Saving open-ocean wind-stress (module and components) on T-points:
CALL iom_put( "taum_oce", taum(:,:)*tmask(:,:,1) ) ! output wind stress module
!#LB: These 2 lines below mostly here for 'STATION_ASF' test-case, otherwize "utau" (U-grid) and vtau" (V-grid) does the job in: [DYN/dynatf.F90])
CALL iom_put( "utau_oce", ztau_i(:,:)*tmask(:,:,1) ) ! utau at T-points!
CALL iom_put( "vtau_oce", ztau_j(:,:)*tmask(:,:,1) ) ! vtau at T-points!
IF(sn_cfctl%l_prtctl) THEN
CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=pssq , clinfo1=' blk_oce_1: pssq : ')
CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=wndm , clinfo1=' blk_oce_1: wndm : ')
CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce_1: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2=' vtau : ', mask2=vmask )
CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zcd_oce, clinfo1=' blk_oce_1: Cd : ')
ENDIF
!
ENDIF !IF( ln_abl )
ptsk(:,:) = ( ptsk(:,:) - rt0 ) * tmask(:,:,1) ! Back to Celsius
IF( ln_skin_cs .OR. ln_skin_wl ) THEN
CALL iom_put( "t_skin" , ptsk ) ! T_skin in Celsius
CALL iom_put( "dt_skin" , ptsk - pst ) ! T_skin - SST temperature difference...
ENDIF
!
END SUBROUTINE blk_oce_1
SUBROUTINE blk_oce_2( ptair, pdqlw, pprec, psnow, & ! <<= in
& ptsk, psen, plat, pevp ) ! <<= in
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
!! *** ROUTINE blk_oce_2 ***
!!
!! ** Purpose : finalize the momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes computation
!! at the ocean surface at each time step knowing Cd, Ch, Ce and
!! atmospheric variables (from ABL or external data)
!!
!! ** Outputs : - utau : i-component of the stress at U-point (N/m2)
!! - vtau : j-component of the stress at V-point (N/m2)
!! - taum : Wind stress module at T-point (N/m2)
!! - wndm : Wind speed module at T-point (m/s)
!! - qsr : Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
!! - qns : Non Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
!! - emp : evaporation minus precipitation (kg/m2/s)
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
REAL(wp), INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:,:) :: ptair ! potential temperature of air #LB: confirm!
REAL(wp), INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pdqlw ! downwelling longwave radiation at surface [W/m^2]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pprec
REAL(wp), INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:,:) :: psnow
REAL(wp), INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:,:) :: ptsk ! SKIN surface temperature [Celsius]
REAL(wp), INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:,:) :: psen
REAL(wp), INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:,:) :: plat
REAL(wp), INTENT(in), DIMENSION(:,:) :: pevp
!
INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
REAL(wp) :: zztmp,zz1,zz2,zz3 ! local variable
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zqlw ! net long wave radiative heat flux
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zcptrain, zcptsnw, zcptn ! Heat content per unit mass (J/kg)
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
!
! Heat content per unit mass (J/kg)
zcptrain(:,:) = ( ptair - rt0 ) * rcp * tmask(:,:,1)
zcptsnw (:,:) = ( MIN( ptair, rt0 ) - rt0 ) * rcpi * tmask(:,:,1)
zcptn (:,:) = ptsk * rcp * tmask(:,:,1)
!
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! III Net longwave radiative FLUX !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
!! #LB: now moved after Turbulent fluxes because must use the skin temperature rather than bulk SST
!! (ptsk is skin temperature if ln_skin_cs==.TRUE. .OR. ln_skin_wl==.TRUE.)
zqlw(:,:) = qlw_net( pdqlw(:,:), ptsk(:,:)+rt0 )
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! IV Total FLUXES !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
!
emp (:,:) = ( pevp(:,:) - pprec(:,:) * rn_pfac ) * tmask(:,:,1) ! mass flux (evap. - precip.)
!
qns(:,:) = zqlw(:,:) + psen(:,:) + plat(:,:) & ! Downward Non Solar
& - psnow(:,:) * rn_pfac * rLfus & ! remove latent melting heat for solid precip
& - pevp(:,:) * zcptn(:,:) & ! remove evap heat content at SST
& + ( pprec(:,:) - psnow(:,:) ) * rn_pfac * zcptrain(:,:) & ! add liquid precip heat content at Tair
& + psnow(:,:) * rn_pfac * zcptsnw(:,:) ! add solid precip heat content at min(Tair,Tsnow)
qns(:,:) = qns(:,:) * tmask(:,:,1)
!
#if defined key_si3
qns_oce(:,:) = zqlw(:,:) + psen(:,:) + plat(:,:) ! non solar without emp (only needed by SI3)
qsr_oce(:,:) = qsr(:,:)
#endif
!
CALL iom_put( "rho_air" , rhoa*tmask(:,:,1) ) ! output air density [kg/m^3]
CALL iom_put( "evap_oce" , pevp ) ! evaporation
CALL iom_put( "qlw_oce" , zqlw ) ! output downward longwave heat over the ocean
CALL iom_put( "qsb_oce" , psen ) ! output downward sensible heat over the ocean
CALL iom_put( "qla_oce" , plat ) ! output downward latent heat over the ocean
tprecip(:,:) = pprec(:,:) * rn_pfac * tmask(:,:,1) ! output total precipitation [kg/m2/s]
sprecip(:,:) = psnow(:,:) * rn_pfac * tmask(:,:,1) ! output solid precipitation [kg/m2/s]
CALL iom_put( 'snowpre', sprecip ) ! Snow
CALL iom_put( 'precip' , tprecip ) ! Total precipitation
!
IF ( nn_ice == 0 ) THEN
CALL iom_put( "qemp_oce" , qns-zqlw-psen-plat ) ! output downward heat content of E-P over the ocean
CALL iom_put( "qns_oce" , qns ) ! output downward non solar heat over the ocean
CALL iom_put( "qsr_oce" , qsr ) ! output downward solar heat over the ocean
CALL iom_put( "qt_oce" , qns+qsr ) ! output total downward heat over the ocean
ENDIF
!
IF(sn_cfctl%l_prtctl) THEN
CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqlw , clinfo1=' blk_oce_2: zqlw : ')
CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=psen , clinfo1=' blk_oce_2: psen : ' )
CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=plat , clinfo1=' blk_oce_2: plat : ' )
CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=qns , clinfo1=' blk_oce_2: qns : ' )
CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=emp , clinfo1=' blk_oce_2: emp : ')
ENDIF
!
END SUBROUTINE blk_oce_2
#if defined key_si3
!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
!! 'key_si3' SI3 sea-ice model
!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
!! blk_ice_1 : provide the air-ice stress
!! blk_ice_2 : provide the heat and mass fluxes at air-ice interface
!! blk_ice_qcn : provide ice surface temperature and snow/ice conduction flux (emulating conduction flux)
!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBROUTINE blk_ice_1( pwndi, pwndj, ptair, pqair, pslp , puice, pvice, ptsui, & ! inputs
& putaui, pvtaui, pseni, pevpi, pssqi, pcd_dui ) ! optional outputs
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
!! *** ROUTINE blk_ice_1 ***
!!
!! ** Purpose : provide the surface boundary condition over sea-ice
!!
!! ** Method : compute momentum using bulk formulation
!! formulea, ice variables and read atmospheric fields.
!! NB: ice drag coefficient is assumed to be a constant
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
REAL(wp) , INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,: ) :: pslp ! sea-level pressure [Pa]
REAL(wp) , INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,: ) :: pwndi ! atmospheric wind at T-point [m/s]
REAL(wp) , INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,: ) :: pwndj ! atmospheric wind at T-point [m/s]
REAL(wp) , INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,: ) :: ptair ! atmospheric wind at T-point [m/s]
REAL(wp) , INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,: ) :: pqair ! atmospheric wind at T-point [m/s]
REAL(wp) , INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,: ) :: puice ! sea-ice velocity on I or C grid [m/s]
REAL(wp) , INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,: ) :: pvice ! "
REAL(wp) , INTENT(in ), DIMENSION(:,: ) :: ptsui ! sea-ice surface temperature [K]
REAL(wp) , INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,: ), OPTIONAL :: putaui ! if ln_blk
REAL(wp) , INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,: ), OPTIONAL :: pvtaui ! if ln_blk
REAL(wp) , INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,: ), OPTIONAL :: pseni ! if ln_abl
REAL(wp) , INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,: ), OPTIONAL :: pevpi ! if ln_abl
REAL(wp) , INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,: ), OPTIONAL :: pssqi ! if ln_abl
REAL(wp) , INTENT( out), DIMENSION(:,: ), OPTIONAL :: pcd_dui ! if ln_abl
!
INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
REAL(wp) :: zootm_su ! sea-ice surface mean temperature
REAL(wp) :: zztmp1, zztmp2 ! temporary scalars
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: ztmp ! temporary array
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
!
! LB: ptsui is in K !!!
!
! ------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Wind module relative to the moving ice ( U10m - U_ice ) !
! ------------------------------------------------------------ !
! C-grid ice dynamics : U & V-points (same as ocean)
DO_2D( nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls )
wndm_ice(ji,jj) = SQRT( pwndi(ji,jj) * pwndi(ji,jj) + pwndj(ji,jj) * pwndj(ji,jj) )
END_2D
!
! Make ice-atm. drag dependent on ice concentration
SELECT CASE( nblk_ice )
CASE( np_ice_cst )
! Constant bulk transfer coefficients over sea-ice:
Cd_ice(:,:) = rn_Cd_i
Ch_ice(:,:) = rn_Ch_i
Ce_ice(:,:) = rn_Ce_i
! no height adjustment, keeping zt values:
theta_zu_i(:,:) = ptair(:,:)
q_zu_i(:,:) = pqair(:,:)
CASE( np_ice_an05 ) ! calculate new drag from Lupkes(2015) equations
ztmp(:,:) = q_sat( ptsui(:,:), pslp(:,:), l_ice=.TRUE. ) ! temporary array for SSQ
CALL turb_ice_an05( rn_zqt, rn_zu, ptsui, ptair, ztmp, pqair, wndm_ice, &
& Cd_ice, Ch_ice, Ce_ice, theta_zu_i, q_zu_i )
!!
CASE( np_ice_lu12 )
ztmp(:,:) = q_sat( ptsui(:,:), pslp(:,:), l_ice=.TRUE. ) ! temporary array for SSQ
CALL turb_ice_lu12( rn_zqt, rn_zu, ptsui, ptair, ztmp, pqair, wndm_ice, fr_i, &
& Cd_ice, Ch_ice, Ce_ice, theta_zu_i, q_zu_i )
!!
CASE( np_ice_lg15 ) ! calculate new drag from Lupkes(2015) equations
ztmp(:,:) = q_sat( ptsui(:,:), pslp(:,:), l_ice=.TRUE. ) ! temporary array for SSQ
CALL turb_ice_lg15( rn_zqt, rn_zu, ptsui, ptair, ztmp, pqair, wndm_ice, fr_i, &
& Cd_ice, Ch_ice, Ce_ice, theta_zu_i, q_zu_i )
!!
END SELECT
IF( iom_use('Cd_ice').OR.iom_use('Ce_ice').OR.iom_use('Ch_ice').OR.iom_use('taum_ice').OR.iom_use('utau_ice').OR.iom_use('vtau_ice') ) &
& ztmp(:,:) = ( 1._wp - MAX(0._wp, SIGN( 1._wp, 1.E-6_wp - fr_i )) )*tmask(:,:,1) ! mask for presence of ice !
IF( iom_use('Cd_ice') ) CALL iom_put("Cd_ice", Cd_ice*ztmp)
IF( iom_use('Ce_ice') ) CALL iom_put("Ce_ice", Ce_ice*ztmp)
IF( iom_use('Ch_ice') ) CALL iom_put("Ch_ice", Ch_ice*ztmp)
IF( ln_blk ) THEN
! ---------------------------------------------------- !
! Wind stress relative to nonmoving ice ( U10m ) !
! ---------------------------------------------------- !
! supress moving ice in wind stress computation as we don't know how to do it properly...
DO_2D( 0, 1, 0, 1 ) ! at T point
zztmp1 = rhoa(ji,jj) * Cd_ice(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj)
putaui(ji,jj) = zztmp1 * pwndi(ji,jj)
pvtaui(ji,jj) = zztmp1 * pwndj(ji,jj)
END_2D
!#LB: saving the module, and x-y components, of the ai wind-stress at T-points: NOT weighted by the ice concentration !!!
IF(iom_use('taum_ice')) CALL iom_put('taum_ice', SQRT( putaui*putaui + pvtaui*pvtaui )*ztmp )
!#LB: These 2 lines below mostly here for 'STATION_ASF' test-case, otherwize "utau_oi" (U-grid) and vtau_oi" (V-grid) does the job in: [ICE/icedyn_rhg_evp.F90])
IF(iom_use('utau_ice')) CALL iom_put("utau_ice", putaui*ztmp) ! utau at T-points!
IF(iom_use('vtau_ice')) CALL iom_put("vtau_ice", pvtaui*ztmp) ! vtau at T-points!
!
DO_2D( 0, 0, 0, 0 ) ! U & V-points (same as ocean).
!#LB: QUESTION?? so SI3 expects wind stress vector to be provided at U & V points? Not at T-points ?
! take care of the land-sea mask to avoid "pollution" of coastal stress. p[uv]taui used in frazil and rheology
zztmp1 = 0.5_wp * ( 2. - umask(ji,jj,1) ) * MAX( tmask(ji,jj,1),tmask(ji+1,jj ,1) )
zztmp2 = 0.5_wp * ( 2. - vmask(ji,jj,1) ) * MAX( tmask(ji,jj,1),tmask(ji ,jj+1,1) )
putaui(ji,jj) = zztmp1 * ( putaui(ji,jj) + putaui(ji+1,jj ) )
pvtaui(ji,jj) = zztmp2 * ( pvtaui(ji,jj) + pvtaui(ji ,jj+1) )
END_2D
CALL lbc_lnk( 'sbcblk', putaui, 'U', -1._wp, pvtaui, 'V', -1._wp )
!
IF(sn_cfctl%l_prtctl) CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=putaui , clinfo1=' blk_ice: putaui : ' &
& , tab2d_2=pvtaui , clinfo2=' pvtaui : ' )
ELSE ! ln_abl
DO_2D( nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls )
pcd_dui(ji,jj) = wndm_ice(ji,jj) * Cd_ice(ji,jj)
pseni (ji,jj) = wndm_ice(ji,jj) * Ch_ice(ji,jj)
pevpi (ji,jj) = wndm_ice(ji,jj) * Ce_ice(ji,jj)
END_2D
!#LB:
pssqi(:,:) = q_sat( ptsui(:,:), pslp(:,:), l_ice=.TRUE. ) ; ! more accurate way to obtain ssq !
!#LB.
ENDIF !IF( ln_blk )
!
IF(sn_cfctl%l_prtctl) CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=wndm_ice , clinfo1=' blk_ice: wndm_ice : ')
!
END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_1
SUBROUTINE blk_ice_2( ptsu, phs, phi, palb, ptair, pqair, pslp, pdqlw, pprec, psnow )
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
!! *** ROUTINE blk_ice_2 ***
!!
!! ** Purpose : provide the heat and mass fluxes at air-ice interface
!!
!! ** Method : compute heat and freshwater exchanged
!! between atmosphere and sea-ice using bulk formulation
!! formulea, ice variables and read atmmospheric fields.
!!
!! caution : the net upward water flux has with mm/day unit
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in) :: ptsu ! sea ice surface temperature [K]
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in) :: phs ! snow thickness
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in) :: phi ! ice thickness
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in) :: palb ! ice albedo (all skies)
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,: ), INTENT(in) :: ptair ! potential temperature of air #LB: okay ???
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,: ), INTENT(in) :: pqair ! specific humidity of air
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,: ), INTENT(in) :: pslp
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,: ), INTENT(in) :: pdqlw
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,: ), INTENT(in) :: pprec
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,: ), INTENT(in) :: psnow
!!
INTEGER :: ji, jj, jl ! dummy loop indices
REAL(wp) :: zst, zst3, zsq ! local variable
REAL(wp) :: zcoef_dqlw, zcoef_dqla ! - -
REAL(wp) :: zztmp, zzblk, zztmp1, z1_rLsub ! - -
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpl) :: z_qlw ! long wave heat flux over ice
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpl) :: z_qsb ! sensible heat flux over ice
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpl) :: z_dqlw ! long wave heat sensitivity over ice
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpl) :: z_dqsb ! sensible heat sensitivity over ice
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zevap, zsnw ! evaporation and snw distribution after wind blowing (SI3)
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: ztri
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: zcptrain, zcptsnw, zcptn ! Heat content per unit mass (J/kg)
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
!
zcoef_dqlw = 4._wp * emiss_i * stefan ! local scalars
!
zztmp = 1. / ( 1. - albo )
dqla_ice(:,:,:) = 0._wp
! Heat content per unit mass (J/kg)
zcptrain(:,:) = ( ptair - rt0 ) * rcp * tmask(:,:,1)
zcptsnw (:,:) = ( MIN( ptair, rt0 ) - rt0 ) * rcpi * tmask(:,:,1)
zcptn (:,:) = sst_m * rcp * tmask(:,:,1)
!
! ! ========================== !
DO jl = 1, jpl ! Loop over ice categories !
! ! ========================== !
DO_2D( nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls )
zst = ptsu(ji,jj,jl) ! surface temperature of sea-ice [K]
zsq = q_sat( zst, pslp(ji,jj), l_ice=.TRUE. ) ! surface saturation specific humidity when ice present
! ----------------------------!
! I Radiative FLUXES !
! ----------------------------!
! Short Wave (sw)
qsr_ice(ji,jj,jl) = zztmp * ( 1. - palb(ji,jj,jl) ) * qsr(ji,jj)
! Long Wave (lw)
zst3 = zst * zst * zst
z_qlw(ji,jj,jl) = emiss_i * ( pdqlw(ji,jj) - stefan * zst * zst3 ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
! lw sensitivity
z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) = zcoef_dqlw * zst3
! ----------------------------!
! II Turbulent FLUXES !
! ----------------------------!
! ... turbulent heat fluxes with Ch_ice recalculated in blk_ice_1
! Common term in bulk F. equations...
zzblk = rhoa(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj)
! Sensible Heat
zztmp1 = zzblk * rCp_air * Ch_ice(ji,jj)
z_qsb (ji,jj,jl) = zztmp1 * (zst - theta_zu_i(ji,jj))
z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) = zztmp1 ! ==> Qsens sensitivity (Dqsb_ice/Dtn_ice)
! Latent Heat
zztmp1 = zzblk * rLsub * Ce_ice(ji,jj)
qla_ice(ji,jj,jl) = MAX( zztmp1 * (zsq - q_zu_i(ji,jj)) , 0._wp ) ! #LB: only sublimation (and not condensation) ???
IF(qla_ice(ji,jj,jl)>0._wp) dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) = zztmp1*dq_sat_dt_ice(zst, pslp(ji,jj)) ! ==> Qlat sensitivity (dQlat/dT)
! !#LB: dq_sat_dt_ice() in "sbc_phy.F90"
!#LB: without this unjustified "condensation sensure":
!qla_ice( ji,jj,jl) = zztmp1 * (zsq - q_zu_i(ji,jj))
!dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) = zztmp1 * dq_sat_dt_ice(zst, pslp(ji,jj)) ! ==> Qlat sensitivity (dQlat/dT)
! ----------------------------!
! III Total FLUXES !
! ----------------------------!
! Downward Non Solar flux
qns_ice (ji,jj,jl) = z_qlw (ji,jj,jl) - z_qsb (ji,jj,jl) - qla_ice (ji,jj,jl)
! Total non solar heat flux sensitivity for ice
dqns_ice(ji,jj,jl) = - ( z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) + z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) + dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) ) !#LB: correct signs ????
END_2D
!
END DO
!
tprecip(:,:) = pprec(:,:) * rn_pfac * tmask(:,:,1) ! total precipitation [kg/m2/s]
sprecip(:,:) = psnow(:,:) * rn_pfac * tmask(:,:,1) ! solid precipitation [kg/m2/s]
CALL iom_put( 'snowpre', sprecip ) ! Snow precipitation
CALL iom_put( 'precip' , tprecip ) ! Total precipitation
! --- evaporation --- !
z1_rLsub = 1._wp / rLsub
evap_ice (:,:,:) = rn_efac * qla_ice (:,:,:) * z1_rLsub ! sublimation
devap_ice(:,:,:) = rn_efac * dqla_ice(:,:,:) * z1_rLsub ! d(sublimation)/dT
zevap (:,:) = emp(:,:) + tprecip(:,:) ! evaporation over ocean !LB: removed rn_efac here, correct???
! --- evaporation minus precipitation --- !
zsnw(:,:) = 0._wp
CALL ice_var_snwblow( (1.-at_i_b(:,:)), zsnw ) ! snow distribution over ice after wind blowing
emp_oce(:,:) = ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) ) * zevap(:,:) - ( tprecip(:,:) - sprecip(:,:) ) - sprecip(:,:) * (1._wp - zsnw )
emp_ice(:,:) = SUM( a_i_b(:,:,:) * evap_ice(:,:,:), dim=3 ) - sprecip(:,:) * zsnw
emp_tot(:,:) = emp_oce(:,:) + emp_ice(:,:)
! --- heat flux associated with emp --- !
qemp_oce(:,:) = - ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) ) * zevap(:,:) * zcptn(:,:) & ! evap at sst
& + ( tprecip(:,:) - sprecip(:,:) ) * zcptrain(:,:) & ! liquid precip at Tair
& + sprecip(:,:) * ( 1._wp - zsnw ) * ( zcptsnw (:,:) - rLfus ) ! solid precip at min(Tair,Tsnow)
qemp_ice(:,:) = sprecip(:,:) * zsnw * ( zcptsnw (:,:) - rLfus ) ! solid precip (only)
! --- total solar and non solar fluxes --- !
qns_tot(:,:) = ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) ) * qns_oce(:,:) + SUM( a_i_b(:,:,:) * qns_ice(:,:,:), dim=3 ) &
& + qemp_ice(:,:) + qemp_oce(:,:)
qsr_tot(:,:) = ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) ) * qsr_oce(:,:) + SUM( a_i_b(:,:,:) * qsr_ice(:,:,:), dim=3 )
! --- heat content of precip over ice in J/m3 (to be used in 1D-thermo) --- !
qprec_ice(:,:) = rhos * ( zcptsnw(:,:) - rLfus )
! --- heat content of evap over ice in W/m2 (to be used in 1D-thermo) ---
DO jl = 1, jpl
qevap_ice(:,:,jl) = 0._wp ! should be -evap_ice(:,:,jl)*( ( Tice - rt0 ) * rcpi * tmask(:,:,1) )
! ! But we do not have Tice => consider it at 0degC => evap=0
END DO
! --- shortwave radiation transmitted thru the surface scattering layer (W/m2) --- !
IF( nn_qtrice == 0 ) THEN
! formulation derived from Grenfell and Maykut (1977), where transmission rate
! 1) depends on cloudiness
! 2) is 0 when there is any snow
! 3) tends to 1 for thin ice
ztri(:,:) = 0.18 * ( 1.0 - cloud_fra(:,:) ) + 0.35 * cloud_fra(:,:) ! surface transmission when hi>10cm
DO jl = 1, jpl
WHERE ( phs(:,:,jl) <= 0._wp .AND. phi(:,:,jl) < 0.1_wp ) ! linear decrease from hi=0 to 10cm
qtr_ice_top(:,:,jl) = qsr_ice(:,:,jl) * ( ztri(:,:) + ( 1._wp - ztri(:,:) ) * ( 1._wp - phi(:,:,jl) * 10._wp ) )
ELSEWHERE( phs(:,:,jl) <= 0._wp .AND. phi(:,:,jl) >= 0.1_wp ) ! constant (ztri) when hi>10cm
qtr_ice_top(:,:,jl) = qsr_ice(:,:,jl) * ztri(:,:)
ELSEWHERE ! zero when hs>0
qtr_ice_top(:,:,jl) = 0._wp
END WHERE
ENDDO
ELSEIF( nn_qtrice == 1 ) THEN
! formulation is derived from the thesis of M. Lebrun (2019).
! It represents the best fit using several sets of observations
! It comes with snow conductivities adapted to freezing/melting conditions (see icethd_zdf_bl99.F90)
qtr_ice_top(:,:,:) = 0.3_wp * qsr_ice(:,:,:)
ENDIF
!
IF( iom_use('evap_ao_cea') .OR. iom_use('hflx_evap_cea') ) THEN
CALL iom_put( 'evap_ao_cea' , zevap(:,:) * ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) ) * tmask(:,:,1) ) ! ice-free oce evap (cell average)
CALL iom_put( 'hflx_evap_cea', zevap(:,:) * ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) ) * tmask(:,:,1) * zcptn(:,:) ) ! heat flux from evap (cell average)
ENDIF
IF( iom_use('rain') .OR. iom_use('rain_ao_cea') .OR. iom_use('hflx_rain_cea') ) THEN
CALL iom_put( 'rain' , tprecip(:,:) - sprecip(:,:) ) ! liquid precipitation
CALL iom_put( 'rain_ao_cea' , ( tprecip(:,:) - sprecip(:,:) ) * ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) ) ) ! liquid precipitation over ocean (cell average)
CALL iom_put( 'hflx_rain_cea', ( tprecip(:,:) - sprecip(:,:) ) * zcptrain(:,:) ) ! heat flux from rain (cell average)
ENDIF
IF( iom_use('snow_ao_cea') .OR. iom_use('snow_ai_cea') .OR. &
& iom_use('hflx_snow_cea') .OR. iom_use('hflx_snow_ao_cea') .OR. iom_use('hflx_snow_ai_cea') ) THEN
CALL iom_put( 'snow_ao_cea' , sprecip(:,:) * ( 1._wp - zsnw(:,:) ) ) ! Snow over ice-free ocean (cell average)
CALL iom_put( 'snow_ai_cea' , sprecip(:,:) * zsnw(:,:) ) ! Snow over sea-ice (cell average)
CALL iom_put( 'hflx_snow_cea' , sprecip(:,:) * ( zcptsnw(:,:) - rLfus ) ) ! heat flux from snow (cell average)
CALL iom_put( 'hflx_snow_ao_cea', sprecip(:,:) * ( zcptsnw(:,:) - rLfus ) * ( 1._wp - zsnw(:,:) ) ) ! heat flux from snow (over ocean)
CALL iom_put( 'hflx_snow_ai_cea', sprecip(:,:) * ( zcptsnw(:,:) - rLfus ) * zsnw(:,:) ) ! heat flux from snow (over ice)
ENDIF
IF( iom_use('hflx_prec_cea') ) THEN ! heat flux from precip (cell average)
CALL iom_put('hflx_prec_cea' , sprecip(:,:) * ( zcptsnw (:,:) - rLfus ) &
& + ( tprecip(:,:) - sprecip(:,:) ) * zcptrain(:,:) )
ENDIF
IF( iom_use('subl_ai_cea') .OR. iom_use('hflx_subl_cea') ) THEN
CALL iom_put( 'subl_ai_cea' , SUM( a_i_b(:,:,:) * evap_ice(:,:,:), dim=3 ) * tmask(:,:,1) ) ! Sublimation over sea-ice (cell average)
CALL iom_put( 'hflx_subl_cea', SUM( a_i_b(:,:,:) * qevap_ice(:,:,:), dim=3 ) * tmask(:,:,1) ) ! Heat flux from sublimation (cell average)
ENDIF
!
IF(sn_cfctl%l_prtctl) THEN
CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=qla_ice , clinfo1=' blk_ice: qla_ice : ', tab3d_2=z_qsb , clinfo2=' z_qsb : ', kdim=jpl)
CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_qlw , clinfo1=' blk_ice: z_qlw : ', tab3d_2=dqla_ice, clinfo2=' dqla_ice : ', kdim=jpl)
CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_dqsb , clinfo1=' blk_ice: z_dqsb : ', tab3d_2=z_dqlw , clinfo2=' z_dqlw : ', kdim=jpl)
CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=dqns_ice, clinfo1=' blk_ice: dqns_ice : ', tab3d_2=qsr_ice , clinfo2=' qsr_ice : ', kdim=jpl)
CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=ptsu , clinfo1=' blk_ice: ptsu : ', tab3d_2=qns_ice , clinfo2=' qns_ice : ', kdim=jpl)
CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=tprecip , clinfo1=' blk_ice: tprecip : ', tab2d_2=sprecip , clinfo2=' sprecip : ')
ENDIF
!#LB:
! air-ice heat flux components that are not written from ice_stp()@icestp.F90:
IF( iom_use('qla_ice') ) CALL iom_put( 'qla_ice', SUM( - qla_ice * a_i_b, dim=3 ) ) !#LB: sign consistent with what's done for ocean
IF( iom_use('qsb_ice') ) CALL iom_put( 'qsb_ice', SUM( - z_qsb * a_i_b, dim=3 ) ) !#LB: ==> negative => loss of heat for sea-ice
IF( iom_use('qlw_ice') ) CALL iom_put( 'qlw_ice', SUM( z_qlw * a_i_b, dim=3 ) )
!#LB.
END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_2
SUBROUTINE blk_ice_qcn( ld_virtual_itd, ptsu, ptb, phs, phi )
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
!! *** ROUTINE blk_ice_qcn ***
!!
!! ** Purpose : Compute surface temperature and snow/ice conduction flux
!! to force sea ice / snow thermodynamics
!! in the case conduction flux is emulated
!!
!! ** Method : compute surface energy balance assuming neglecting heat storage
!! following the 0-layer Semtner (1976) approach
!!
!! ** Outputs : - ptsu : sea-ice / snow surface temperature (K)
!! - qcn_ice : surface inner conduction flux (W/m2)
!!
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
LOGICAL , INTENT(in ) :: ld_virtual_itd ! single-category option
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(inout) :: ptsu ! sea ice / snow surface temperature
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , INTENT(in ) :: ptb ! sea ice base temperature
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in ) :: phs ! snow thickness
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in ) :: phi ! sea ice thickness
!
INTEGER , PARAMETER :: nit = 10 ! number of iterations
REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: zepsilon = 0.1_wp ! characteristic thickness for enhanced conduction
!
INTEGER :: ji, jj, jl ! dummy loop indices
INTEGER :: iter ! local integer
REAL(wp) :: zfac, zfac2, zfac3 ! local scalars
REAL(wp) :: zkeff_h, ztsu, ztsu0 !
REAL(wp) :: zqc, zqnet !
REAL(wp) :: zhe, zqa0 !
REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj,jpl) :: zgfac ! enhanced conduction factor
!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
! -------------------------------------!
! I Enhanced conduction factor !
! -------------------------------------!
! Emulates the enhancement of conduction by unresolved thin ice (ld_virtual_itd = T)
! Fichefet and Morales Maqueda, JGR 1997
!
zgfac(:,:,:) = 1._wp
IF( ld_virtual_itd ) THEN
!
zfac = 1._wp / ( rn_cnd_s + rcnd_i )
zfac2 = EXP(1._wp) * 0.5_wp * zepsilon
zfac3 = 2._wp / zepsilon
!
DO jl = 1, jpl
DO_2D( nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls )
zhe = ( rn_cnd_s * phi(ji,jj,jl) + rcnd_i * phs(ji,jj,jl) ) * zfac ! Effective thickness
IF( zhe >= zfac2 ) zgfac(ji,jj,jl) = MIN( 2._wp, 0.5_wp * ( 1._wp + LOG( zhe * zfac3 ) ) ) ! Enhanced conduction factor
END_2D
END DO
!
ENDIF
! -------------------------------------------------------------!
! II Surface temperature and conduction flux !
! -------------------------------------------------------------!
!
zfac = rcnd_i * rn_cnd_s
!
DO jl = 1, jpl
DO_2D( nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls, nn_hls )
!
zkeff_h = zfac * zgfac(ji,jj,jl) / & ! Effective conductivity of the snow-ice system divided by thickness
& ( rcnd_i * phs(ji,jj,jl) + rn_cnd_s * MAX( 0.01, phi(ji,jj,jl) ) )
ztsu = ptsu(ji,jj,jl) ! Store current iteration temperature
ztsu0 = ptsu(ji,jj,jl) ! Store initial surface temperature
zqa0 = qsr_ice(ji,jj,jl) - qtr_ice_top(ji,jj,jl) + qns_ice(ji,jj,jl) ! Net initial atmospheric heat flux
!
DO iter = 1, nit ! --- Iterative loop
zqc = zkeff_h * ( ztsu - ptb(ji,jj) ) ! Conduction heat flux through snow-ice system (>0 downwards)
zqnet = zqa0 + dqns_ice(ji,jj,jl) * ( ztsu - ptsu(ji,jj,jl) ) - zqc ! Surface energy budget
ztsu = ztsu - zqnet / ( dqns_ice(ji,jj,jl) - zkeff_h ) ! Temperature update
END DO
!
ptsu (ji,jj,jl) = MIN( rt0, ztsu )
qcn_ice(ji,jj,jl) = zkeff_h * ( ptsu(ji,jj,jl) - ptb(ji,jj) )
qns_ice(ji,jj,jl) = qns_ice(ji,jj,jl) + dqns_ice(ji,jj,jl) * ( ptsu(ji,jj,jl) - ztsu0 )
qml_ice(ji,jj,jl) = ( qsr_ice(ji,jj,jl) - qtr_ice_top(ji,jj,jl) + qns_ice(ji,jj,jl) - qcn_ice(ji,jj,jl) ) &
& * MAX( 0._wp , SIGN( 1._wp, ptsu(ji,jj,jl) - rt0 ) )
! --- Diagnose the heat loss due to changing non-solar flux (as in icethd_zdf_bl99) --- !
hfx_err_dif(ji,jj) = hfx_err_dif(ji,jj) - ( dqns_ice(ji,jj,jl) * ( ptsu(ji,jj,jl) - ztsu0 ) ) * a_i_b(ji,jj,jl)
END_2D
!
END DO
!
END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_qcn
#endif
!!======================================================================
END MODULE sbcblk